1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,870 Hi, everyone. 2 00:00:00,880 --> 00:00:02,790 Welcome to be on space, even at the tundra. 3 00:00:03,060 --> 00:00:06,750 In today's episode, we'll talk about a very interesting star 4 00:00:06,780 --> 00:00:15,600 nearby known as Captain Set, which is similar to our sun 5 00:00:15,690 --> 00:00:17,460 in it was young. 6 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:22,890 And our next guest is Universal Physicist at the NASA Got 7 00:00:23,070 --> 00:00:27,810 Space by Senator has deleted the author of the recent paper 8 00:00:28,920 --> 00:00:30,540 regarding the star. 9 00:00:30,750 --> 00:00:32,910 So without any further Ado, please welcome. 10 00:00:33,240 --> 00:00:35,970 Please welcome Vladimir Aircam. 11 00:00:35,980 --> 00:00:36,540 Hi, Value. 12 00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:38,680 Hello. 13 00:00:38,690 --> 00:00:40,030 Thank you for inviting me. 14 00:00:40,040 --> 00:00:42,040 It's great to have you here. 15 00:00:42,050 --> 00:00:42,400 Okay. 16 00:00:42,900 --> 00:00:49,480 So the first question to get a better general view of your 17 00:00:49,490 --> 00:00:52,600 study, what exactly is the capital one city? 18 00:00:52,610 --> 00:00:53,920 What do we know about the star? 19 00:00:55,030 --> 00:00:56,030 Yeah. 20 00:00:56,270 --> 00:01:03,020 So the couple of city is one of a number of stars that astronomers 21 00:01:03,030 --> 00:01:08,950 started to monitor about 25 years ago, 30 years ago. 22 00:01:08,960 --> 00:01:10,000 Yeah. 23 00:01:10,010 --> 00:01:14,770 Because we're trying to understand our sun in its youth. 24 00:01:15,250 --> 00:01:20,800 And for that, we have a number of indicators that tell us 25 00:01:20,810 --> 00:01:26,680 about its use, the stellar youth, the stellar age, and, for 26 00:01:26,690 --> 00:01:31,210 instance, stellar rotation, how fast the stars rotate. 27 00:01:31,240 --> 00:01:35,050 For instance, the average rotation rate of our sons, like 28 00:01:35,060 --> 00:01:36,640 once every 27 days. 29 00:01:36,970 --> 00:01:39,880 And for instance, and what does it mean that if a star rotates 30 00:01:39,890 --> 00:01:43,300 once every three days, every five days, every ten days? 31 00:01:43,930 --> 00:01:47,500 And the astronomy is actually beautiful science, because 32 00:01:47,510 --> 00:01:51,100 we can go out on a clear night practically every day, if 33 00:01:51,110 --> 00:01:52,300 you're in a right place. 34 00:01:52,360 --> 00:01:52,600 Right. 35 00:01:52,600 --> 00:01:54,040 And observe the stars. 36 00:01:54,430 --> 00:01:58,240 And believe it or not, about, like, 10% of all stars that 37 00:01:58,250 --> 00:02:00,790 in our Galaxy are stars like our sun. 38 00:02:01,030 --> 00:02:03,610 So we have a lot of material to work with. 39 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:07,630 And if we're smart, we can find this subset of stars that 40 00:02:07,780 --> 00:02:08,919 resemble our son. 41 00:02:11,220 --> 00:02:12,970 It's current age. 42 00:02:13,330 --> 00:02:15,610 So we have a lot of them, by the way. 43 00:02:15,620 --> 00:02:19,290 But by itself, it's a very important a question because we 44 00:02:19,300 --> 00:02:21,420 don't know how typical our son is. 45 00:02:21,630 --> 00:02:29,010 For instance, if you want to find a typical 50 year old male 46 00:02:29,280 --> 00:02:34,470 in the United States or in China, and what would you do? 47 00:02:34,480 --> 00:02:37,620 You would study, create example, right. 48 00:02:37,890 --> 00:02:39,540 And then do statistics. 49 00:02:39,870 --> 00:02:41,220 So that's exactly what we do. 50 00:02:41,790 --> 00:02:48,060 And for that, we know a few important parameters of stars. 51 00:02:48,390 --> 00:02:52,470 So basically, this kind of approach was taken in order to 52 00:02:52,500 --> 00:02:58,470 study and reveal a subset of stars. 53 00:02:58,530 --> 00:03:05,100 And a coup one city is one of them that is rotating at a 54 00:03:05,130 --> 00:03:09,180 rate of nine two days rotation, which is like three times 55 00:03:09,210 --> 00:03:10,770 faster than our sun. 56 00:03:10,780 --> 00:03:14,460 And now we know that the fastest star rotates the younger 57 00:03:14,470 --> 00:03:16,350 it is, so we can calibrate the age. 58 00:03:16,500 --> 00:03:20,100 So that's how we know that the star is about 600, 700 million 59 00:03:20,110 --> 00:03:20,640 years old. 60 00:03:20,820 --> 00:03:27,790 And that coincides with the start of life origin of life 61 00:03:27,800 --> 00:03:28,300 on Earth. 62 00:03:28,310 --> 00:03:31,030 So it's basically a life started for billion years ago. 63 00:03:31,040 --> 00:03:36,430 So that's why I got my interest in that star, because I thought, 64 00:03:36,440 --> 00:03:39,340 well, life started for billion years ago. 65 00:03:39,400 --> 00:03:44,410 People normally talk about different factors that are affecting 66 00:03:44,410 --> 00:03:47,710 the origin of life on Earth, and they're almost Geophysical 67 00:03:48,160 --> 00:03:50,410 related to the Earth. 68 00:03:50,590 --> 00:03:53,380 But no one talks about the they're basically more global 69 00:03:53,390 --> 00:03:57,310 parameters. And this kind of question that was naive and 70 00:03:57,320 --> 00:04:01,000 sometimes crazy, whether our sun can actually somehow affect 71 00:04:01,240 --> 00:04:02,860 the origin of life on Earth. 72 00:04:03,330 --> 00:04:05,200 It is true or not. 73 00:04:05,210 --> 00:04:07,900 I mean, at least we need to start this scientific study to 74 00:04:08,380 --> 00:04:09,220 answer the question. 75 00:04:09,340 --> 00:04:11,860 So that's basically about, like, five, six years ago, when 76 00:04:11,870 --> 00:04:16,510 I asked myself this question, I started to look at the stars, 77 00:04:16,519 --> 00:04:19,209 and the couple one side was one of them. 78 00:04:19,220 --> 00:04:20,860 It's not the only star. 79 00:04:20,870 --> 00:04:25,180 So currently I'm doing the Hubble Fast Scope and XMM study 80 00:04:25,360 --> 00:04:28,240 of four stars, and they're all pretty similar. 81 00:04:28,420 --> 00:04:30,760 Now I want to know which one is the best one. 82 00:04:31,090 --> 00:04:33,760 Well, it's like saying that which one is the best person 83 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:35,080 on this planet. 84 00:04:35,440 --> 00:04:37,480 Well, we need to say that relevant. 85 00:04:37,510 --> 00:04:37,780 Right. 86 00:04:37,790 --> 00:04:39,790 Muslim, and it looks like relevant. 87 00:04:39,880 --> 00:04:40,390 Yeah. 88 00:04:40,400 --> 00:04:45,730 But this one is nearby for the years away. 89 00:04:45,760 --> 00:04:46,960 It's not so distant. 90 00:04:46,970 --> 00:04:47,230 Right. 91 00:04:47,260 --> 00:04:53,850 And we have the kind of solar analog in our neighborhood. 92 00:04:54,700 --> 00:04:55,690 Yeah. 93 00:04:55,690 --> 00:04:57,700 Well, actually, yes, you are absolutely correct. 94 00:04:57,710 --> 00:05:00,760 It is very nearby star. 95 00:05:01,150 --> 00:05:02,620 And that's why it's pretty bright. 96 00:05:03,520 --> 00:05:08,260 And because it's so bright, it can be absorbed with pretty 97 00:05:08,270 --> 00:05:11,890 small telescopes and study in more details than others. 98 00:05:12,280 --> 00:05:15,960 And so that's that's why a lot of efforts were taken. 99 00:05:16,500 --> 00:05:21,870 And still people observe the star a monitor, because it's 100 00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:26,310 like if you look at a person again, I like to compare people 101 00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:30,390 the human life with the stellar life, because when you look 102 00:05:30,400 --> 00:05:37,740 at a person just at one time moment, you can find it angry 103 00:05:38,130 --> 00:05:41,670 or extremely quiet or in the state of depression. 104 00:05:41,700 --> 00:05:42,060 Right. 105 00:05:42,060 --> 00:05:44,910 So it's the same thing happen to the star. 106 00:05:44,920 --> 00:05:48,720 So we need to know what is the typical state of the star 107 00:05:48,720 --> 00:05:50,550 is that called background level. 108 00:05:51,150 --> 00:05:56,670 And then sometimes those stars flare, they eject a lot of 109 00:05:56,680 --> 00:05:58,680 energy out of it called self flares. 110 00:05:59,020 --> 00:06:02,950 So we need to know how frequently what is going on. 111 00:06:03,610 --> 00:06:04,610 Okay. 112 00:06:04,670 --> 00:06:08,240 So if we can go through the findings from your research, 113 00:06:08,250 --> 00:06:10,160 what exactly did you find? 114 00:06:10,170 --> 00:06:11,540 What are the main results? 115 00:06:12,540 --> 00:06:13,540 Yeah. 116 00:06:13,780 --> 00:06:20,050 So the study of the young stars like a young son, I call 117 00:06:20,050 --> 00:06:26,230 it is going on for maybe 1015 years. 118 00:06:26,460 --> 00:06:30,060 People already started to look at it. 119 00:06:30,070 --> 00:06:35,280 And I published the paper back to 2016. 120 00:06:35,960 --> 00:06:39,900 Basically, studying starts, like, up one city doing the three 121 00:06:40,280 --> 00:06:41,700 national modeling. 122 00:06:41,710 --> 00:06:51,180 The point is that so now we're fortunate that we have a sun 123 00:06:51,510 --> 00:06:52,910 nearby. Right. 124 00:06:52,920 --> 00:06:56,720 Our son, the star like, G type star, and it's only about 125 00:06:56,720 --> 00:06:59,690 93 million mile away from us. 126 00:07:00,050 --> 00:07:03,305 So we can resolve structures as small as about 3 miles, 25 127 00:07:03,321 --> 00:07:05,960 miles. All imagine, believe it or not. 128 00:07:05,970 --> 00:07:06,980 Yeah. 129 00:07:07,820 --> 00:07:19,230 And so by having so many detailed observations, we can apply 130 00:07:19,530 --> 00:07:23,700 and develop and apply sophisticated models, physics based, 131 00:07:23,710 --> 00:07:27,870 three dimensional, multi dimensional models, and then test 132 00:07:27,870 --> 00:07:31,530 them. Because, for instance, if we predict the stellar wind 133 00:07:31,540 --> 00:07:36,000 or predict certain signatures of a star, we can measure it, 134 00:07:36,030 --> 00:07:38,580 right? Because it's so close to us. 135 00:07:38,760 --> 00:07:41,850 The Earth is only at one aseremic unit away. 136 00:07:42,150 --> 00:07:45,720 We cannot do it for any star. 137 00:07:45,730 --> 00:07:49,860 But so we tested they calibrated those sophisticated models 138 00:07:49,870 --> 00:07:50,490 for our son. 139 00:07:50,700 --> 00:07:54,540 And the question that I ask myself, I said, okay, because 140 00:07:54,550 --> 00:07:58,620 I'm a Helio physicist, not only astrophysicist and astrobiologist. 141 00:07:58,760 --> 00:08:03,500 So the important thing for me and the sun is my favorite 142 00:08:03,560 --> 00:08:04,850 star, believe it or not. 143 00:08:05,500 --> 00:08:11,510 And I said, well, those models are pretty satisfactory. 144 00:08:11,510 --> 00:08:17,450 And to explain the most of the signature. 145 00:08:17,460 --> 00:08:20,480 So our sun at different epics. 146 00:08:20,490 --> 00:08:21,650 So can we apply that? 147 00:08:21,660 --> 00:08:22,430 What do I need? 148 00:08:22,440 --> 00:08:24,650 What kind of data do I need to input? 149 00:08:24,710 --> 00:08:28,430 And you would imagine that if you have a model model has 150 00:08:28,440 --> 00:08:32,390 an input and then produces output and the output. 151 00:08:32,450 --> 00:08:36,500 Is that something that you test, something that you you cannot 152 00:08:36,510 --> 00:08:40,309 measure and what we cannot measure for a couple on a let's 153 00:08:40,320 --> 00:08:47,240 say you cannot measure the stellar wind, which is the Chinese 154 00:08:47,250 --> 00:08:54,170 flow of particles outflow from the star called stellar wind. 155 00:08:54,320 --> 00:08:56,780 It cannot be so far observed directly. 156 00:08:57,530 --> 00:09:00,200 So therefore, we need to somehow predict because it's very, 157 00:09:00,210 --> 00:09:02,060 very important for our Earth. 158 00:09:02,440 --> 00:09:07,120 And then this extreme UV mission is also important for the 159 00:09:07,130 --> 00:09:10,180 Earth atmosphere, because there's the ionizing factor of 160 00:09:10,190 --> 00:09:11,980 the atmosphere and my belt. 161 00:09:11,990 --> 00:09:15,820 Ron, we can talk about exactly what I mean, but that can 162 00:09:15,830 --> 00:09:19,150 create detrimental conditions for us here on Earth. 163 00:09:19,380 --> 00:09:24,580 But if I cannot measure at only model right. 164 00:09:24,590 --> 00:09:28,030 But in order to model correctly, I need the right input. 165 00:09:28,360 --> 00:09:29,350 So that's the point. 166 00:09:29,890 --> 00:09:33,550 I started to think what kind of input solar physicist we 167 00:09:33,670 --> 00:09:36,370 basically use to characterize our sun. 168 00:09:36,490 --> 00:09:40,240 And I said, okay, so we need to make the observations of 169 00:09:40,250 --> 00:09:46,420 this specific spectral line of this finger points of lines 170 00:09:46,430 --> 00:09:50,320 forming that not very far from the surface of the sun and 171 00:09:50,330 --> 00:09:51,160 not very close. 172 00:09:51,340 --> 00:09:55,600 But at some level that characterizes that, we can specify 173 00:09:55,690 --> 00:10:01,360 the energy available that can propagate upward and create 174 00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:04,000 outermost layer Cal Corona. 175 00:10:04,220 --> 00:10:11,270 The Corona is the one important arena of all those interesting 176 00:10:11,930 --> 00:10:15,800 events. Explore events that occur in the life of our son 177 00:10:16,010 --> 00:10:17,660 and in the life for young sons. 178 00:10:17,670 --> 00:10:18,980 So called still flares. 179 00:10:19,070 --> 00:10:22,160 And we need to correctly characterize it before people are 180 00:10:22,170 --> 00:10:25,850 tasting. Okay, so let's assume that the Coron is already 181 00:10:25,860 --> 00:10:29,810 there. And let's get some parameters and then predict the 182 00:10:29,820 --> 00:10:32,660 sell win because telwin transitions from Corona out. 183 00:10:33,500 --> 00:10:37,070 So I asked my myself, and that's what I did also 2016. 184 00:10:37,080 --> 00:10:42,170 But in this study, my team asked a little bit, basically 185 00:10:42,180 --> 00:10:48,590 one step up, specifically asking a question, well, we we're 186 00:10:48,600 --> 00:10:52,910 guessing assuming the density and temperature a magnetic 187 00:10:52,920 --> 00:10:57,590 field, and the Corona is such a surge for as an input. 188 00:10:58,070 --> 00:11:03,080 But can I create the Corona in the first place from the layers? 189 00:11:03,890 --> 00:11:07,160 Bill, it's called chromosphere. 190 00:11:07,170 --> 00:11:10,160 And I said, that's exactly what all physicists do. 191 00:11:10,170 --> 00:11:14,570 They're trying to first recreate the Corona and then calculate 192 00:11:14,660 --> 00:11:17,450 Xray mission from the Corona, because that's the source of 193 00:11:17,460 --> 00:11:19,880 a mission and then the source of the wind. 194 00:11:20,140 --> 00:11:22,120 So, yeah. 195 00:11:22,240 --> 00:11:26,980 And I realized that, well, they use so called Iris, the telescope 196 00:11:26,990 --> 00:11:31,390 that measures the spectral signatures that are so vital to 197 00:11:31,400 --> 00:11:33,970 determine the energy flow at the lower level. 198 00:11:34,090 --> 00:11:36,760 I said, well, we have Hubble Space Telescope, the Hubble 199 00:11:36,770 --> 00:11:37,570 Space Telescope. 200 00:11:37,580 --> 00:11:42,190 It's absolutely fantastic instrument that's already there 201 00:11:42,610 --> 00:11:47,710 for the last 30 years, providing revolutionary information 202 00:11:47,720 --> 00:11:51,280 about different kinds of objects, including those young sons. 203 00:11:51,290 --> 00:11:55,180 And I looked at the data because way back, I was a member 204 00:11:55,180 --> 00:12:00,190 of the Hubble Special Stop team studying the old stacks. 205 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:01,840 And I realized that, wow. 206 00:12:01,850 --> 00:12:02,020 Yeah. 207 00:12:02,030 --> 00:12:09,390 I have exactly the same fingerprint that Solaris is used 208 00:12:09,450 --> 00:12:12,510 from Hubble data, and they have the same quality. 209 00:12:12,930 --> 00:12:15,600 So, yeah, because the telescope is pretty big and the star 210 00:12:15,610 --> 00:12:16,320 is pretty close. 211 00:12:16,860 --> 00:12:19,050 And then I said, well, yeah, I can use that. 212 00:12:19,140 --> 00:12:22,830 And then I realized that we can also measure magnetic field, 213 00:12:22,840 --> 00:12:24,150 the magnetic field of a star. 214 00:12:24,210 --> 00:12:27,000 It's another important parameter because it drives everything 215 00:12:27,010 --> 00:12:30,150 else. It's the energy source of all those exclusive events 216 00:12:30,160 --> 00:12:31,830 of the Corona in the first place. 217 00:12:32,220 --> 00:12:37,230 And I started to collaborate with the Europeans, specifically 218 00:12:37,240 --> 00:12:39,960 with the University of Vietnam, scientists from University 219 00:12:39,970 --> 00:12:44,040 of Vienna who have a great experience and observing facilities 220 00:12:44,040 --> 00:12:46,620 to observe magnetic field and in contract them. 221 00:12:47,370 --> 00:12:51,080 So they supply the magnetic field for the star at different 222 00:12:51,090 --> 00:12:51,860 epics. Okay. 223 00:12:51,870 --> 00:12:54,440 Because the magnetic field, by itself changes is like your 224 00:12:54,450 --> 00:12:57,710 blood pressure may change from time to time. 225 00:12:57,770 --> 00:13:01,880 So that's why you had this very specific about the star at 226 00:13:01,890 --> 00:13:03,140 the given epic. 227 00:13:03,150 --> 00:13:03,290 Yeah. 228 00:13:03,300 --> 00:13:06,770 So this applied me the magnetic field and had the data from 229 00:13:06,780 --> 00:13:12,320 Hubble and synthesize them in one impose to feed the model 230 00:13:12,710 --> 00:13:17,420 and then to do calculations that we basically reported the 231 00:13:17,430 --> 00:13:19,400 results of which we reported now paper. 232 00:13:19,940 --> 00:13:20,940 Okay. 233 00:13:21,920 --> 00:13:25,650 I thank you so much for this very interesting lecture, for 234 00:13:26,850 --> 00:13:29,850 your answers and for giving us a very comprehensive view 235 00:13:29,860 --> 00:13:30,630 of all your study. 236 00:13:31,890 --> 00:13:35,100 Once again, thank you so much for your participation. 237 00:13:35,110 --> 00:13:37,530 It was a pleasure to host you on our event. 238 00:13:37,740 --> 00:13:38,160 Thank you. 239 00:13:38,190 --> 00:13:40,620 And good luck with you further research. 240 00:13:40,700 --> 00:13:41,840 Thank you. 241 00:13:41,850 --> 00:13:43,130 Thank you so much for me. 242 00:13:43,250 --> 00:13:45,470 Bye bye. 243 00:13:45,480 --> 00:13:46,130 Bye bye.