Explore the infinite - the beauty of the great unknown with renowned Space Enthusiast Tomasz Nowakowski, who has combined his lifelong passion for exploring the Universe with his academic profession. Join Tomasz and his many featured guests as they share their perspectives & possibilities of Space.
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Hi, everyone.
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Welcome to be on space, even at the tundra.
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In today's episode, we'll talk about a very interesting star
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nearby known as Captain Set, which is similar to our sun
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in it was young.
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And our next guest is Universal Physicist at the NASA Got
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Space by Senator has deleted the author of the recent paper
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regarding the star.
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So without any further Ado, please welcome.
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Please welcome Vladimir Aircam.
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Hi, Value.
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Hello.
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Thank you for inviting me.
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It's great to have you here.
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Okay.
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So the first question to get a better general view of your
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study, what exactly is the capital one city?
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What do we know about the star?
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Yeah.
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So the couple of city is one of a number of stars that astronomers
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started to monitor about 25 years ago, 30 years ago.
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Yeah.
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Because we're trying to understand our sun in its youth.
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And for that, we have a number of indicators that tell us
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about its use, the stellar youth, the stellar age, and, for
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instance, stellar rotation, how fast the stars rotate.
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For instance, the average rotation rate of our sons, like
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once every 27 days.
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And for instance, and what does it mean that if a star rotates
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once every three days, every five days, every ten days?
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And the astronomy is actually beautiful science, because
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we can go out on a clear night practically every day, if
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you're in a right place.
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Right.
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And observe the stars.
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And believe it or not, about, like, 10% of all stars that
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in our Galaxy are stars like our sun.
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So we have a lot of material to work with.
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And if we're smart, we can find this subset of stars that
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resemble our son.
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It's current age.
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So we have a lot of them, by the way.
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But by itself, it's a very important a question because we
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don't know how typical our son is.
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For instance, if you want to find a typical 50 year old male
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in the United States or in China, and what would you do?
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You would study, create example, right.
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And then do statistics.
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So that's exactly what we do.
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And for that, we know a few important parameters of stars.
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So basically, this kind of approach was taken in order to
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study and reveal a subset of stars.
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And a coup one city is one of them that is rotating at a
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rate of nine two days rotation, which is like three times
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faster than our sun.
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And now we know that the fastest star rotates the younger
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it is, so we can calibrate the age.
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So that's how we know that the star is about 600, 700 million
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years old.
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And that coincides with the start of life origin of life
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on Earth.
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So it's basically a life started for billion years ago.
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So that's why I got my interest in that star, because I thought,
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well, life started for billion years ago.
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People normally talk about different factors that are affecting
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the origin of life on Earth, and they're almost Geophysical
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related to the Earth.
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But no one talks about the they're basically more global
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parameters. And this kind of question that was naive and
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sometimes crazy, whether our sun can actually somehow affect
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the origin of life on Earth.
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It is true or not.
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I mean, at least we need to start this scientific study to
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answer the question.
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So that's basically about, like, five, six years ago, when
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I asked myself this question, I started to look at the stars,
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and the couple one side was one of them.
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It's not the only star.
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So currently I'm doing the Hubble Fast Scope and XMM study
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of four stars, and they're all pretty similar.
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Now I want to know which one is the best one.
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Well, it's like saying that which one is the best person
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on this planet.
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Well, we need to say that relevant.
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Right.
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Muslim, and it looks like relevant.
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Yeah.
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But this one is nearby for the years away.
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It's not so distant.
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Right.
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And we have the kind of solar analog in our neighborhood.
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Yeah.
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Well, actually, yes, you are absolutely correct.
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It is very nearby star.
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And that's why it's pretty bright.
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And because it's so bright, it can be absorbed with pretty
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small telescopes and study in more details than others.
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And so that's that's why a lot of efforts were taken.
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And still people observe the star a monitor, because it's
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like if you look at a person again, I like to compare people
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the human life with the stellar life, because when you look
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at a person just at one time moment, you can find it angry
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or extremely quiet or in the state of depression.
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Right.
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So it's the same thing happen to the star.
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So we need to know what is the typical state of the star
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is that called background level.
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And then sometimes those stars flare, they eject a lot of
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energy out of it called self flares.
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So we need to know how frequently what is going on.
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Okay.
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So if we can go through the findings from your research,
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what exactly did you find?
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What are the main results?
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Yeah.
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So the study of the young stars like a young son, I call
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it is going on for maybe 1015 years.
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People already started to look at it.
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And I published the paper back to 2016.
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Basically, studying starts, like, up one city doing the three
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national modeling.
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The point is that so now we're fortunate that we have a sun
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nearby. Right.
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Our son, the star like, G type star, and it's only about
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93 million mile away from us.
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So we can resolve structures as small as about 3 miles, 25
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miles. All imagine, believe it or not.
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Yeah.
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And so by having so many detailed observations, we can apply
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and develop and apply sophisticated models, physics based,
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three dimensional, multi dimensional models, and then test
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them. Because, for instance, if we predict the stellar wind
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or predict certain signatures of a star, we can measure it,
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right? Because it's so close to us.
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The Earth is only at one aseremic unit away.
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We cannot do it for any star.
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But so we tested they calibrated those sophisticated models
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for our son.
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And the question that I ask myself, I said, okay, because
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I'm a Helio physicist, not only astrophysicist and astrobiologist.
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So the important thing for me and the sun is my favorite
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star, believe it or not.
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And I said, well, those models are pretty satisfactory.
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And to explain the most of the signature.
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So our sun at different epics.
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So can we apply that?
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What do I need?
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What kind of data do I need to input?
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And you would imagine that if you have a model model has
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an input and then produces output and the output.
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Is that something that you test, something that you you cannot
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measure and what we cannot measure for a couple on a let's
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say you cannot measure the stellar wind, which is the Chinese
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flow of particles outflow from the star called stellar wind.
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It cannot be so far observed directly.
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So therefore, we need to somehow predict because it's very,
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very important for our Earth.
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And then this extreme UV mission is also important for the
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Earth atmosphere, because there's the ionizing factor of
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the atmosphere and my belt.
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Ron, we can talk about exactly what I mean, but that can
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create detrimental conditions for us here on Earth.
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But if I cannot measure at only model right.
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But in order to model correctly, I need the right input.
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So that's the point.
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I started to think what kind of input solar physicist we
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basically use to characterize our sun.
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And I said, okay, so we need to make the observations of
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this specific spectral line of this finger points of lines
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forming that not very far from the surface of the sun and
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not very close.
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But at some level that characterizes that, we can specify
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the energy available that can propagate upward and create
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outermost layer Cal Corona.
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The Corona is the one important arena of all those interesting
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events. Explore events that occur in the life of our son
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and in the life for young sons.
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So called still flares.
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And we need to correctly characterize it before people are
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tasting. Okay, so let's assume that the Coron is already
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there. And let's get some parameters and then predict the
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sell win because telwin transitions from Corona out.
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So I asked my myself, and that's what I did also 2016.
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But in this study, my team asked a little bit, basically
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one step up, specifically asking a question, well, we we're
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guessing assuming the density and temperature a magnetic
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field, and the Corona is such a surge for as an input.
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But can I create the Corona in the first place from the layers?
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Bill, it's called chromosphere.
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And I said, that's exactly what all physicists do.
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They're trying to first recreate the Corona and then calculate
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Xray mission from the Corona, because that's the source of
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a mission and then the source of the wind.
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So, yeah.
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And I realized that, well, they use so called Iris, the telescope
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that measures the spectral signatures that are so vital to
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determine the energy flow at the lower level.
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I said, well, we have Hubble Space Telescope, the Hubble
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Space Telescope.
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It's absolutely fantastic instrument that's already there
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for the last 30 years, providing revolutionary information
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about different kinds of objects, including those young sons.
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And I looked at the data because way back, I was a member
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of the Hubble Special Stop team studying the old stacks.
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And I realized that, wow.
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Yeah.
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I have exactly the same fingerprint that Solaris is used
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from Hubble data, and they have the same quality.
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So, yeah, because the telescope is pretty big and the star
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is pretty close.
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And then I said, well, yeah, I can use that.
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And then I realized that we can also measure magnetic field,
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the magnetic field of a star.
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It's another important parameter because it drives everything
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else. It's the energy source of all those exclusive events
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of the Corona in the first place.
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And I started to collaborate with the Europeans, specifically
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with the University of Vietnam, scientists from University
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of Vienna who have a great experience and observing facilities
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to observe magnetic field and in contract them.
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So they supply the magnetic field for the star at different
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epics. Okay.
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Because the magnetic field, by itself changes is like your
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blood pressure may change from time to time.
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So that's why you had this very specific about the star at
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the given epic.
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Yeah.
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So this applied me the magnetic field and had the data from
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Hubble and synthesize them in one impose to feed the model
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and then to do calculations that we basically reported the
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results of which we reported now paper.
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Okay.
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I thank you so much for this very interesting lecture, for
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your answers and for giving us a very comprehensive view
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of all your study.
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Once again, thank you so much for your participation.
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It was a pleasure to host you on our event.
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Thank you.
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And good luck with you further research.
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Thank you.
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Thank you so much for me.
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Bye bye.
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Bye bye.
Comments
Space U
Sat, Aug 28, 2021 6:00 pm
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Space U
Explore the infinite - the beauty of the great unknown with renowned Space Enthusiast Tomasz Nowakowski, who has combined his lifelong passion for exploring the Universe with his academic profession. Join Tomasz and his many featured guests as they share their perspectives & possibilities of Space.
Welcome to
Space U
Explore the infinite - the beauty of the great unknown with renowned Space Enthusiast Tomasz Nowakowski, who has combined his lifelong passion for exploring the Universe with his academic profession. Join Tomasz and his many featured guests as they share their perspectives & possibilities of Space.
Kappa 1 Ceti is a nearby star thought to resemble our young Sun. A new study of this star led by Vladimir Airapetian of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center could help us better understand what our Sun may have been like when it was young, and how it may have shaped the atmosphere of our planet and the development of life on Earth.
Based on the analysis of marsquakes recorded by NASA's InSight mission, the structure of Mars's crust has now been determined in absolute numbers for the first time. Beneath the InSight landing site, the crust is either approximately 20 or 39 kilometres thick. That is the result of an international research team led by geophysicist Dr Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun at the University of Cologne's Institute of Geology and Mineralogy.
Centaurus is one of the most famous constellations in the southern sky. Within this constellation is the radio galaxy Centaurus A, which can be seen as a faint nebula using only binoculars. Like most galaxies, Centaurus A is also home to a supermassive black hole. With the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), researchers led by Michael Janssen from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (MPIfRA) in Bonn and Radboud University Nijmegen, have now zoomed into the heart of this galaxy some 13 million light years away.
The billionaires Richard Branson and Jeff Bezos have recently successfully reached the edge of space. Mehmet S. Tosun of the College of Business at the University of Nevada, Reno, discusses the impact of these flights on the space economy.
Christopher Prior and colleagues have come up with a new way to measure the entanglement of the magnetic field of the Sun. These twisted magnetic fields rise to the convection zone of the Sun and cause solar flares.
Astronomers from the University of Oklahoma discover a new 'changing-look' blazar - as it transitions from one class to another. A team led by Hora Mishra detected a new object of this type - B2 1420+32.
The widely studied metallic asteroid known as 16 Psyche was long thought to be the exposed iron core of a small planet that failed to form during the earliest days of the solar system. But new University of Arizona-led research suggests that the asteroid might not be as metallic or dense as once thought, and hints at a much different origin story.
Supermassive black holes, or SMBHs, are black holes with masses that are several million to billion times the mass of our sun. Hai-Bo Yu from the University of California, Riverside, sheds more light on the origin of these massive and mysterious objects.
The star Betelgeuse became visibly darker in 2019 and 2020, puzzling astronomers. Miguel Montargès of Paris Observatory in France led the team that revealed what caused the mysterious darkening of this bright orange star in the constellation of Orion.
By conducting the largest survey ever of star-forming regions in X-rays, a team of researchers led by Kostantin Getman of the Pennsylvania State University (PSU) has helped outline the link between very powerful flares, or outbursts, from youthful stars, and the impact they could have on planets in orbit.
A team of astronomers, including Diana Dragomir of the University of New Mexico, has recently discovered a new exoplanet orbiting a nearby star. The newfound alien world, designated TOI-1231 b, is Neptune-sized, with a radius nearly four times greater than that of the Earth.
It turns out that a variety of processes that are taking place in “downtown” Milky Way. New research by University of Massachusetts Amherst astronomer Daniel Wang reveals details of violent phenomena in the center of our galaxy.
Valparaíso 1 is a massive star cluster located some 7,000 light years away. It has been recently detected by a team of astronomers led by Ignacio Negueruela of the University of Alicante, Spain. Valparaíso 1 contains at least 15,000 stars.
A simultaneous “baby boom” of new stars has been detected in 36 dwarf galaxies. Charlotte Olsen of Rutgers University–New Brunswick has found that dwarf galaxies far from each other slowed down and then simultaneously accelerated their birth rate of stars.
Jay Goguen of the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado has developed a method for measuring and computationally analyzing how the moon dust particle shapes scatter light. It is a complex method of measuring the exact three-dimensional shape of 25 particles of moon dust collected during the Apollo 11 mission in 1969.
The SEIS seismometer package from NASA's Mars InSight lander has collected its first continuous Martian year of data, revealing some surprises among the more than 500 marsquakes detected so far. Savas Ceylan of Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zürich, Switzerland, discusses some of the findings from The Marsquake Service, the part of the InSight ground team that detects marsquakes.
The primary mission of PVDX, which stands for Perovskite Visuals and Degradation eXperiment, will be to test the performance of next-generation perovskite solar cells in the harsh orbital environment. Members of Brown Space Engineering (BSE), a student group, worked for three years to develop a mission plan and proposal for NASA’s Cubesat Launch Initiative, which uses auxiliary cargo space on rockets to send cubesats to space. Sarang Mani, a Brown senior and the group’s project manager and co-president, says the team is thrilled that NASA saw value in their project.
Ziggy Pleunis of McGill University in Montreal, Canada, tries to uncover the nature of the so-called fast radio bursts (FRBs). FRBs are transient radio pulses of length ranging from a fraction of a millisecond to a few milliseconds, caused by some high-energy astrophysical process not yet understood.
Javier Trujillo Bueno of the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands (IAC) leads the CLASP2 experiment to unravel solar mysteries. The extraordinary observations of the polarization of the Sun's ultraviolet light achieved by the CLASP2 mission have made it possible to map the magnetic field throughout the entire solar atmosphere, from the photosphere until the base of the extremely hot corona.
Daniel Stern of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory discovers the so-called quadruply imaged quasars, or quads, that can help solve many cosmological puzzles. Quads occur when the gravity of a massive galaxy that happens to sit in front of a quasar splits its single image into four.
William Rapin of the Research Institute in Astrophysics and Planetology (IRAP) in Toulouse, France, sheds more light on climate changes that occured on Mars. By analyzing the data from NASA’s Curiosity rover, he found how climate on the Red Planet alternated between dry and wetter periods, before drying up completely about 3 billion years ago.
A microcomb is a photonic device capable of generating a myriad of optical frequencies – colours – on a tiny cavity known as microresonator. Óskar Bjarki Helgason of the Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, presents a game changing microcomb that could bring advanced applications closer to reality. For instance, this device could be used for the calibration of spectrographs used in astronomical observatories devoted to the discovery of Earth-like exoplanets.
According to a new study led by Anders Johansen, Earth, Venus and Mars were created from small dust particles containing ice and carbon. The discovery opens up the possibility that the Milky Way may be filled with aquatic planets.
Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory was founded in 1932 on the territory of the former Soviet Union. It is located on Mount Khanobili, around 240 km from Tbilisi, Georgia, and 30 km in the north-west from Akhaltsikhe, at an altitude of 1700 meters above sea level. The observatory carries out wide-profile research spanning different fields of astronomy and astrophysics and investigations of the upper layers of Earth's atmosphere.
The SuperCam on NASA's Perseverance rover examines rocks and soils with a camera, laser and spectrometers to seek organic compounds that could be related to past life on Mars. It can identify the chemical and mineral makeup of targets as small as a pencil point from a distance of more than 20 feet (7 meters).
The Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment onboard NASA's Perseverance rover is better known as MOXIE. The tool is designed to produce oxygen from the Martian carbon-dioxide atmosphere.
Lunar Resources, Inc., of Houston, Texas, and the University of Colorado Boulder are launching a new research effort to lay the groundwork for a one-of-a-kind lunar radio astronomy observatory called the Lunar Farside Radio Observatory, or FarView—a network of hundreds of miles of antennas constructed on the far side of the moon using materials harvested from the lunar surface itself. Jack Burns, a professor in the departments of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences and Physics at CU Boulder, developed the concept for the unprecedented observatory.
Kron 3 is a massive intermediate-age star cluster located to the west of the main body of the Small Magellanic Cloud. The study of Kron 3 will add to the analysis of clusters of this type as well as provide additional constraints to help us better understand multiple stellar population in massive star clusters.
Tadeja Veršič investigates the elusive dark matter - one of the biggest mysteries in modern astrophysics. Through building physical models, she aims to shed some light on dark matter to better understand its nature.
16-year-old Kartik Pinglé and 18-year-old Jasmine Wright have co-authored a peer-reviewed paper in the Astronomical Journal describing the discovery of four new exoplanets about 200-light-years away from Earth. The high schoolers participated in the research through the Student Research Mentoring Program (SRMP) at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian. Directed by astrochemist Clara Sousa-Silva, the SRMP connects local high schoolers who are interested in research with real-world scientists at Harvard and MIT.
WASP-107b is a super-Neptune exoplanet that orbits the star WASP-107. It lies 200 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Virgo. With a mass in the Neptune regime and a radius of Jupiter, WASP-107b is one of the lowest density exoplanets and presents a challenge to planet formation theories.
Astronomers are winding back the clock on the expanding remains of a nearby, exploded star. By using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, they retraced the speedy shrapnel from the blast to calculate a more accurate estimate of the location and time of the stellar detonation. The doomed star left behind an expanding, gaseous corpse, a supernova remnant named 1E 0102.2-7219. The research team, led by John Banovetz and Danny Milisavljevic of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, measured the velocities of 45 tadpole-shaped, oxygen-rich clumps of ejecta flung by the supernova blast.
Hopkins Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts. Constructed in 1838 by Albert Hopkins, it is the oldest observatory in the United States.
The Detroit Observatory, located on the corner of Observatory and Ann streets in Ann Arbor, Michigan was built in 1854. It was the first scientific research facility at the University of Michigan (U-M) and one of the oldest observatories of its type in the nation. Throughout the decades, the Observatory was at the heart of scientific research as the first dedicated research laboratory on campus, and was home to the discovery of 21 asteroids and two comets.
Join Lowell Observatory at 4pm PST on Monday, December 21, 2020, to celebrate the Great Conjunction with an evening of telescope viewing and commentary from Lowell's own astronomers and educators.
December 21, 2020, brings the closest great conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn in 397 years. Established in 1894, Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, will take a closer look at these gaseous giants during the upcoming event.
The Allan I. Carswell Observatory (AICO) is owned and operated by York University. Opened in 1969, the observatory is opened to both researchers and amateur astronomers. AICO is engaged in an ongoing observation campaign of certain variable stars. These observations are routinely collected, analyzed, and published by a team of students outside of class hours.
The Cincinnati Observatory is the center for education, history, and inspiration. Its mission of the Cincinnati Observatory is to maintain the integrity and heritage of an historic 19th century observatory and to educate, engage, and inspire our community about astronomy and science.
Since 2004, David has been touring most of the primary and secondary schools throughout New South Wales introducing a new interactive astronomy and space education program that he's developed called 'Astronomy Outreach'. Designed especially for Australian school students and their teachers, it gives students a refreshing new look at the latest discoveries in astronomy and space science.
Konkoly Observatory is the Astronomical Institute of the Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, which belongs to the Eötvös Loránd Research Network. The observatory, located in Budapest (Hungary) was founded in 1899, when Miklós Konkoly Thege donated his private observatory to the state. It is the largest astronomical research institute in Hungary, and hosts the largest telescopes in the country.
On September 14, 2015, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) physically sensed the undulations in spacetime caused by gravitational waves generated by two colliding black holes 1.3 billion light-years away. LIGO's discovery will go down in history as one of humanity's greatest scientific achievements.
Breakthrough Starshot is a $100 million research and engineering program aiming to demonstrate proof of concept for a new technology, enabling ultra-light uncrewed space flight at 20% of the speed of light; and to lay the foundations for a flyby mission to Alpha Centauri within a generation. Can we really reach our neighboring star system?
Every year, Martian rovers invade Poland to compete in the European Rover Challenge (ERC) – the annual international Martian robots competition attended by teams from around the world. The competition has been organized since 2014 in Poland.
It nears 52 years since the Eagle has landed on the moon and next year another bird of prey is poised to touch the lunar surface. Astrobotic's Peregrine lander is being prepared to land on the moon in mid-2021.
Interorbital Systems' innovative NEPTUNE series modular rockets are poised to provide the world's lowest-cost access to space for orbital, Lunar, and interplanetary spacecraft.